Which term defines the legal framework that authorizes federal funds for operations?

• A. Budget Resolution
• B. Authorization Act
• C. Direct Commercial Sales
• D. Sustainment

Answer: (B)

The term that defines the legal framework authorizing federal funds for operations is Authorization Act. Authorization acts create or continue programs and give legal authority to incur obligations and spend up to specified funding levels, often for a set period. They establish what may be funded but do not actually provide the money. The actual funding comes later through appropriation acts, which allocate the funds within the authorized program.

In contrast, a Budget Resolution only sets overall spending targets and is not a law that authorizes specific programs; Direct Commercial Sales is a procurement mechanism for selling defense articles, and Sustainment refers to ongoing maintenance and support activities, not the legal authority to spend.